What is the purpose of a toner in a skincare routine?

The primary purpose of a toner in a skincare routine is to balance the skin's pH and remove impurities. After cleansing, the skin may have an altered pH level due to the use of cleansers, particularly those that are alkaline. A toner helps restore the skin's natural acidity, which is crucial for maintaining its protective barrier and overall health. In addition to pH balancing, toners often contain ingredients that can help remove residual dirt, oil, and makeup that a cleanser might miss, ensuring that the skin is thoroughly clean. This step prepares the skin to better absorb subsequent products, such as serums and moisturizers, thereby enhancing their effectiveness.

While hydration can be a secondary benefit of some toners, especially those formulated with hydrating ingredients, it is not the sole purpose of a toner. Similarly, toners are not typically used as makeup primers or for UV protection, which are functions designated for other products in a skincare regimen.